Anubis is widely known as the Egyptian deity of mummification. In this role, he oversees the mummification process of the dead, and is usually seen in hieroglyphic tomb-carvings as overseeing the burial ritual for the pharaohs and those of royal lineage - this is due to the priest involved wearing the masks of Anubis to symbolize him as the overseer of the ritual.
His place in the Judgement Arcana comes from the ancient Egyptian belief that those passing into the afterlife were judged by him using a scale to see if the deceased's heart (lightened by good works or weighed down by sins) was as light as a feather.
Anubis appears alongside the Seth boss in the alternate Shinjuku Babel's Abyss Tower instance. He later serves as the boss of the temporary Ordeal of Soul event instance. Through fighting him, players were able to obtain his plugin, enabling them to use the special double fusion of Thoth and Narasimha to create him.
Shin Megami Tensei IV Apocalypse
Anubis can teach Nanashi the Judgment Light, Mamudoon and Dekunda skills through his Demon Whisper. He benefits from learning Light, Darkness and healing skills.
Devil Summoner: Soul Hackers
"A jackal-headed god of Egyptian lore. He weighs the hearts of the dead to determine their final destination. He is also associated with mummification."
—Devil Summoner: Soul Hackers 3DS Compendium
Persona 3
"The jackal-headed god of Egyptian myth. He weighs the hearts of the dead to determine their final destination. He is also associated with embalming."
—Persona 3 Compendium
Persona 5
"The jackal-headed god of the dead and embalming from Egyptian myth. He weighs the hearts of the dead to determine their final destination."
—Persona 5 background
DemiKids Light & Dark
"A demon with a jackal's head that serves as judge and jury over those in the afterlife."
Anubis can perform the combo Pyramid with Horus or Isis and Stun Claw with Teskarot. Anubis also has the power Male Ego.
Devil Survivor 2
"The jackal-headed god of Egyptian lore. He weighs the hearts of the dead to determine their final destination. He is also associated with embalming, and was able to rebuild Osiris' body when it was cut into pieces by the evil god Seth."
I am the Avatar Anubis. I hope that your soul is worthy to be judged.
A transfiguration of the soul... I hope that it turns out for the best.
Trivia
Anubis' earlier design by Kazuma Kaneko carries a Caduceus; a winged staff symbolizing the Greco-Roman god Mercurius. This may be in reference to the figure of Hermanubis, an hybrid deity between Hermes (Mercurius' Greek name) and Anubis worshipped until late Roman times.
Gallery
Anubis as seen in Devil Summoner: Soul Hackers
Artwork from Devil Children Red/Black Book
Artwork from Persona 3
Anubis as it appears in Shin Megami Tensei IMAGINE